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Symbolic Interactionism1 min read

The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life

Erving Goffman · b. 1922

Erving Goffman viewed social life as theatre. We are all performers managing impressions, moving between a 'front stage' where we play our roles and a 'back stage' where we drop the mask. A waiter is warm and composed before diners, then vents in the kitchen. A student projects confidence in class and doubt in private.

Goffman called this 'dramaturgy': the self is not a fixed thing hidden inside us but something continuously produced through interaction, props, and audiences. Social media has turned nearly everyone into a full-time front-stage performer, blurring the line Goffman drew. His work invites a gentle question—when, if ever, are we truly off stage?

Discussion Questions

  • What is your 'back stage'—and does it still exist?
  • How do you manage impressions differently online vs offline?
  • Is a fully performed self less 'authentic', or just differently real?